• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Splitter-dehuller mechanism (3) for hard or soft nuts, with a plurality of first and second blocks (1, 2) whose sides (6) facing each other have a plurality of complementary first and second notches (8.1, 8.2) and staggered, where each first notch (8.1) is associated with at least one second notch (8.2) and forms a partition hole (7) with each one, where the notches (8.1, 8.2) have a first and a second vertices (4, 5) for each hole (7), which form a certain angle with respect to the longitudinal axis and, in the rest position of the first block (1), said first and second vertices (4, 5) of each first notch (8.1) are arranged coincident with a second and first vertices (5, 4) respectively of a second notch (8.2). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2803658A1
    申请号:ES201930680
    申请日:2019-07-22
    公开日:2021-01-28
    发明作者:Borrell Jose Vicente Roig；Martí Francisco Esteban Pastor；Cabeza Jerónimo Martin
    申请人:Jose Borrell SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0002] Splitter-shelling mechanism for hard or soft-shelled nuts
    [0004] Technical field of the invention
    [0006] The present invention corresponds to the technical field of dried fruit splitting and shelling machines, specifically a splitting-shelling mechanism thereof that has a plurality of first and second longitudinal blocks parallel to each other, and arranged alternately between which Partition holes are formed and the fruit is dehulled.
    [0008] Background of the Invention
    [0010] In the task of partitioning and shelling nuts such as almonds and the like, one of the machines that has traditionally been used with better results is the one that uses a splitter-shelling mechanism formed by a series of first blocks that have an alternating movement in both directions along its longitudinal axis and a series of second blocks fixed with respect to the first and arranged parallel to the previous ones and alternately with them.
    [0012] On the sides of all these blocks there are notches that are arranged coincidentally between the facing sides of each adjacent first and second blocks, so that they form frusto-conical holes that with the alternating movement of the first blocks reduces and increases the section thereof alternately. In this way, when the first blocks move in a first direction, the section is reduced and the fruit is divided and shelling occurs, while when these first blocks move in the opposite direction, they allow the fruit to fall and the entrance through the upper part of a new fruit that will break with the next displacement of said first blocks.
    [0014] The applicant himself is the owner of two reference documents ES2016175 and ES1230937 corresponding to different dehulling and partitioning machines that use a mechanism similar to that described.
    [0015] Reference document ES2016175 defines a splitting mechanism composed of fixed blocks interspersed with other sliding blocks with which the splitting of the fruits takes place.
    [0017] These fixed and sliding blocks have vertical holes for quality sizes, which adopt a frustoconical configuration from higher to lower and from top to bottom, followed by a cylindrical part obtaining a progressive breakage of the shell of the dried fruit, with a final finish in the cylindrical lower part that has the foreseen caliber, avoiding the escape of fruits without splitting.
    [0019] Although this machine performs well the splitting of the fruits, it could be improved, because it did not allow the variation of the passage openings between the different blocks.
    [0021] In this sense, the applicant presents a new invention, reference ES1230937, in which the splitter mechanism has a plurality of first and second rods or blocks, parallel and interspersed, where the first rods continue to be those that present an alternating movement in both directions along the longitudinal axis thereof and furthermore, the second rods may have means of movement along the longitudinal axis thereof or along an axis perpendicular to them.
    [0023] Thanks to the means for moving the second rods along the axis perpendicular to them, the size of the holes can be adjusted to adapt them to the size of the fruit to be split.
    [0025] At present, a factor has appeared that is changing the effectiveness of these machines. This factor is the introduction of new types of almonds that have a more elongated shape than that of the traditionally treated almonds.
    [0027] This generates a complication given that the more elongated shape of the new varieties causes a rotation of the fruit when the holes are narrowed with the displacement of the first blocks, to break it.
    [0029] In this way, the almond does not break and it is also very likely that the corners that are formed in the holes when the first blocks move, generate damage to the fruit, since said corners are introduced into the hole section, when narrowing the same.
    [0030] These corners are aligned according to a plane of movement of the first block with respect to the second and are positioned very close to the fruit, so they will easily damage it.
    [0032] This mechanism also has another drawback, due to the fact that with these new types of more elongated almonds the hole is reduced for them and the fruit often gets stuck.
    [0034] On the other hand, when the humidity of the almond is low, the traditional mechanisms imply a greater possibility of damage by shear or impacts on the grains, which reduces the quality of the product. To solve it and mitigate this effect, it is normally recommended to process the almonds with higher percentages of humidity, which can cause other inconveniences and is counterproductive for other phases of the process.
    [0036] Therefore, although the mechanism has been effective so far, with the new varieties of almonds the results are not so favorable, they are even unfavorable in terms of the qualities obtained, since many of the grains remain unparted due to the fact that a rotation that prevents the mechanism from acting on them and the grains are damaged by the corners of the notches.
    [0038] It is necessary to find a solution with a new mechanism or its variation, in order to continue obtaining an efficient match and dehulling of the fruits, without causing damage to the fruit and with a reduced percentage of unbroken grains.
    [0040] Description of the invention
    [0042] The splitter-dehuller mechanism for hard or soft-shelled nuts presented here, for nut dehulling machines, comprises a plurality of first longitudinal blocks parallel to each other, with a first end subject to alternate displacement means in both directions. according to the longitudinal axis thereof and a plurality of second longitudinal blocks parallel to the first and arranged alternately and adjacent to them.
    [0044] All the blocks have a first and second ends, both lower and upper bases and two sides, so that between the sides of each first and second block A plurality of vertical through holes of tapered section are formed between the upper and lower base of the blocks.
    [0046] In this mechanism, the sides facing each first and second block comprise a plurality of first and second notches respectively, complementary to each other and arranged in a staggered fashion, such that each first notch is associated with at least one second notch and forms a partition hole with every second notch associated with it. Said first and second notches have, for each hole, a first and second vertices that delimit its contour.
    [0048] These vertices are arranged in such a way that the first vertex is further from the longitudinal axis of the corresponding block than the second vertex, and each first and second vertices of a hole are aligned at a certain angle with respect to said longitudinal axis.
    [0050] In this way, in a rest position of the first block, each first and second vertices of each first notch are arranged coincident with a second and first vertices respectively of a second notch, configuring a closed curved shape.
    [0052] With the splitter-dehuller mechanism for hard or soft-shelled nuts proposed here, a significant improvement in the state of the art is obtained.
    [0054] This is so because a mechanism is achieved in which the shape of the partition holes is varied, but not only the cross section thereof, which can be circular, elliptical or any other similar, but the way in which each of the holes is configured.
    [0056] Thus, until now each hole was formed by the union of two equal halves, each one of them configured on one side of a first and second blocks respectively. One half slid on the central plane of union with the other half, and at least two vertices of those that delimit the contour of each half of the section were very exposed inside the hole, in the area where the fruit is located. .
    [0058] With this new mechanism, the holes are not configured in this way and when the first block moves, the holes have two offset planes of movement, so that there is no movement of one half with respect to the another, but the hole is flattened allowing the trapping and breaking of the fruit, and preventing it from rotating.
    [0060] With this way of configuring the holes, the vertices after the displacement are much further removed from the interior of the hole and are not in the area most exposed to the fruit, thus significantly reducing the percentage of damaged fruits.
    [0062] On the other hand, each first notch can be associated with a second notch, in the case of a notch arranged at the end of the block or it is associated with two notches, in the case with notches arranged intermediate or even at the end. .
    [0064] In the case of being associated with a second notch, it only forms one hole, but when it is associated with two second notches, it forms two holes, with the particularity that both holes are separated by a common element, separating said second notches, of so that the displacement of the first block causes the narrowing of one hole and the widening of the other.
    [0066] In this way, not all the holes are in the same situation, because while some are in the grain partition position, the others are widened and allow the entry of a new grain to split.
    [0068] This allows a greater productivity of the machine and a greater effectiveness of the same, because while some holes load others they depart and vice versa, avoiding accumulations.
    [0070] With this mechanism the partitioning and shelling of the fruit is facilitated with lower levels of humidity than with traditional machines, which avoids having to add water to the fruit.
    [0072] On the other hand, it is a mechanism in which the second blocks have means to regulate their position, allowing a variation of the same depending on the size of the fruit, resulting much more effective and valid for a greater range of fruit sizes.
    [0074] It is therefore a very effective and simple to use mechanism, which allows solving the current problem due to the introduction of new varieties of fruits such as almonds and all this with a higher quality of the fruit obtained, by reducing damage to it. .
    [0075] Brief description of the drawings
    [0077] In order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of a practical embodiment thereof, a series of drawings is provided as an integral part of said description where, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, it has been provided represented the following:
    [0079] Figure 1.- Shows a plan view of a splitter-dehuller mechanism for hard or soft-shelled nuts, in a resting position of the first blocks, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0081] Figure 2.- Shows an exploded view of two first blocks and three second blocks alternating therewith, of a splitter-dehuller mechanism for hard or soft-shelled nuts, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0083] Figure 3.- Shows a view of detail A of Figure 2, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0085] Figure 4.- Shows a plan view of a splitter-dehuller mechanism for hard or soft-shelled nuts, in a displacement position of the first blocks, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0087] Figures 5.1 and 5.2.- Show a schematic view of the section of a hole in respective positions of the first block, at rest and displaced respectively, for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0089] Figures 6.1 and 6.2.- Show a schematic view of the section of a hole in the respective positions of the first block, at rest and displaced respectively, in a classic mechanism of the state of the art.
    [0091] Detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention
    [0093] In view of the figures provided, it can be seen how, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the splitter-dehuller mechanism (3) for hard or soft shell nuts, for nuts dehulling machines that are used here proposes, comprises a plurality of first longitudinal blocks (1) parallel to each other, with a first end (1.1) subject to means of alternate movement in both directions along the longitudinal axis thereof and a plurality of second longitudinal blocks (2) parallel to the first and arranged alternately and adjacent to them.
    [0095] All the blocks (1,2) have a first and second ends (1.1, 1.2, 2.1,2.2), both lower and upper bases and two sides (6). Likewise, between the sides (6) of each first and second block (1, 2) a plurality of vertical through holes (7) of decreasing section are formed between the upper and lower base of the blocks.
    [0097] In this mechanism (3), in addition, the sides (6) faced between each first and second block (1, 2) comprise a plurality of first and second notches (8.1, 8.2) respectively, complementary to each other and arranged in a staggered pattern, such that each The first notch (8.1) is associated with at least one second notch (8.2) and forms a partition hole (7) with every second notch (8.2) associated therewith.
    [0099] Thus, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4, each first block (1) has a first notch (8.1) arranged at a first end (1.1) thereof, which is associated with a single second notch (8.2) of the second block (2) and, therefore, that first notch (8.1) forms a single hole (7). The rest of the first notches (8.1) of the first blocks (1) are associated with two second notches (8.2) and form a hole (7) with each of them, so that each of these first notches (8.1) forms two holes (7) each.
    [0101] In the case of the second notches (8.2), as they are arranged in a staggered arrangement with respect to the first notches (8.1), the same happens but in the opposite way to what happens in the first block, that is, it is the second notch (8.2 ) arranged at the second end of each second block (2) which is associated with a single first notch (8.1) and therefore forms a single hole (7), while the rest of second notches (8.2) are associated with two first notches (8.1) and therefore each one forms two holes (7).
    [0103] As can be seen in Figure 3, these first and second notches (8.1, 8.2) have for each hole (7), a first and a second vertex (4, 5) that delimit its contour, arranged such that the first vertex (4) is further from the axis longitudinal axis of the corresponding block that the second vertex (5), and each first and second vertices (4, 5) of a hole (7) are aligned at a certain angle with respect to said longitudinal axis.
    [0105] Likewise, as shown in Figure 1, 2 and 5.1, in a rest position of the first block (1) each first and second vertices (4, 5) of each first notch (8.1) are arranged coincident with a second and first vertices (5, 4) respectively of a second notch (8.2), configuring a closed curved shape.
    [0107] As can be seen in Figure 5.2, which represents the hole (7) after the displacement of the first block (1), the first and second vertices (4, 5) of the first notch (8.1) are displaced with respect to the respective second and first vertex (5, 4) of the corresponding second notch, so that the first vertex (4) of both first and second notches (8.1, 8.2) is arranged in both cases inside the hole (7), but at the same time remains quite far from the area where the fruit is located, so the risk of it being damaged by said vertices is significantly reduced.
    [0109] Figures 6.1 and 6.2 show the position of the vertices in the case of rest and displacement, respectively, of the first block, in a traditional mechanism of the state of the art and as can be seen, the first and second vertex are much more exposed and close to the location of the fruit in this case and that is why the fruits currently present a high percentage of damage and scratches.
    [0111] In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the first and second vertices (4, 5) that delimit the contour of a hole (7) in each first and second notch (8.1, 8.2) are aligned forming an angle between 30 ° and 60 ° or between 120 ° and 150 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the corresponding block.
    [0113] Likewise, in this embodiment, at least one first and / or second notch (8.1, 8.2) forms respective holes (7) with second and / or first notches (8.2, 8.1) respectively and the first and second vertices (4, 5) that delimit the contour of a hole (7) are arranged symmetrically to the first and second vertices (5, 4) that delimit the contour of the other hole (7) of the same notch.
    [0114] In this way, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, in the first notches (8.1) of each first block (1) that has a single hole (7), it has a first and second vertices (4, 5) that they form an angle between 30 and 60 ° or between 120 ° and 150 °, depending on the side of the first block (1) considered.
    [0116] The rest of the first notches have a first and second vertices (4, 5) with the same inclination as those of the first notch (8.1) arranged at the first end (1.1) and a second hole (7) whose first and second vertex (4, 5) are arranged symmetrically with respect to the previous ones, so if they form an angle between 30 ° and 60 °, these others form an angle between 120 ° and 150 ° and vice versa.
    [0118] In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the sides (6) of each block are symmetrical with respect to a longitudinal central plane thereof. In this way, the partition holes (7) are to be shaped symmetrically on each side of the block.
    [0120] According to another aspect, in this preferred embodiment of the invention, the second blocks (2) comprise means for adjusting the position in the direction of an axis perpendicular to them and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the holes. In this way, it is possible to modify their position in one direction or the other, achieving a reduction or enlargement of the size of the partition holes (7).
    [0122] Specifically in this case, the means for adjusting the position of said second blocks (2) are independent for each of them, so for example, the size of the holes (7) can be established by zones, depending on the size of fruit that reaches each of them from a previous screening. However, in other cases the regulation means may be common to all the second blocks (2).
    [0124] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, in this preferred embodiment of the invention, the means for alternating movement of the first blocks (1) are formed by a respective connecting rod (9) with an eccentric axis of rotation. In this case, every two first blocks (1) are connected to the same connecting rod (9), so that two first blocks (1) present the same movement that can be the same or different from that of other first blocks (1) connected to another connecting rod (9).
    [0126] Thus, in Figure 4 it can be observed that some first blocks (1), those located centrally in the figure, are displaced in one direction while the first blocks (1) arranged in an extreme way in the figure, are offset in the opposite direction. The respective holes (7) increase and decrease in size depending on their position with respect to the corresponding block and the direction of movement thereof. When the holes (7) increase in size, the entry of fruit to the hole (7) is allowed on the one hand and at the same time, if a fruit grain has previously been split, the exit of the same through the lower part, while when the holes (7) reduce their size, the grain is divided.
    [0128] Thanks to the shape and arrangement of the first and second notches (8.1,8.2), while one hole in a given notch increases in size, the other hole in the same decreases it, so that there is always a number of holes that allows the Fruit entry at the same time as another number of holes are currently making the fruit partition. In this way, accumulations are not generated and the effectiveness of the mechanism is increased.
    [0130] In other preferred embodiments of the invention, the means for alternating movement of the first blocks (1) are formed by a respective pneumatic piston, a respective electromagnetic mechanism or a similar mechanism, capable of generating this type of movement.
    [0132] The described embodiment constitutes only an example of the present invention, therefore, the specific details, terms and phrases used in the present specification are not to be considered as limiting, but are to be understood only as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis that provides an understandable description as well as sufficient information to the person skilled in the art to apply the present invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [0001]
    1 - Splitter-dehuller mechanism (3) for hard or soft shell nuts, for nuts dehulling machines, comprising a plurality of first longitudinal blocks (1) parallel to each other, with a first end (1.1) subject to some alternate displacement means in both directions along their longitudinal axis and a plurality of second longitudinal blocks (2) parallel to the first and arranged alternately and adjacent to them, where all the blocks have a first and second ends ( 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2), both lower and upper bases and two sides (6) and where between the sides (6) of each first and second block (1, 2) a plurality of vertical through holes (7) are formed of tapered section between the upper and lower base of the blocks, characterized in that the sides (6) facing each first and second block (1,2) comprise a plurality of first and second notches (8.1, 8.2) r specifically, complementary to each other and arranged in a staggered pattern, such that each first notch (8.1) is associated with at least one second notch (8.2) and forms a partition hole (7) with each second notch (8.2) associated therewith, where said first and second notches (8.1, 8.2) present, for each hole (7), a first and a second vertex (4, 5) that delimit its contour, arranged such that the first vertex (4) is further away from the longitudinal axis of the block corresponding to the second vertex (5), and each first and second vertex (4, 5) associated with a hole (7) are aligned formed at a certain angle with respect to said longitudinal axis and where, in a resting position of the first block (1) each first and second vertices (4, 5) of each first notch (8.1) are arranged coincidentally with a second and first vertices (5, 4) respectively of a second notch (8.2), configuring a shape curved closed.
    2- Splitter-dehuller mechanism (3) for hard or soft-shelled nuts, according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second vertices (4, 5) that delimit the contour of a hole (7) in each first and second notch (8.1, 8.2) are aligned forming an angle comprised between 30 ° and 60 ° or between 120 ° and 150 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the corresponding block.
    3- Splitter-dehuller mechanism (3) for hard or soft-shelled nuts, according to claim 2, characterized in that at least a first and / or a second notch (8.1, 8.2) forms respective holes (7) with respective second me The first notches (8.2, 8.1) respectively and the first and second vertices (4, 5) that delimit the contour of one hole (7) are arranged symmetrically to the first and second vertices (4, 5) that delimit the contour of the other hole (7).
    4- Splitter-dehuller mechanism (3) for hard or soft-shelled nuts, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sides (6) of each block are symmetrical with respect to a longitudinal central plane thereof.
    5- Splitter-dehuller mechanism (3) for hard or soft-shelled nuts, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second blocks (2) comprise means for adjusting the position according to the direction of an axis perpendicular to the themselves and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the holes.
    6- Splitter-dehuller mechanism (3) for hard or soft-shelled nuts, according to claim 5, characterized in that the means for regulating the position of the second blocks (2) are independent for each one of them.
    7- Splitter-dehuller mechanism (3) for hard or soft-shelled nuts, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the alternate displacement means of the first blocks (1) are formed by a respective connecting rod (9) with an eccentric axis of rotation.
    8- Splitter-dehuller mechanism (3) for hard or soft-shelled nuts, according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the alternate displacement means of the first blocks (1) are formed by a respective pneumatic piston.
    9- Splitter-dehuller mechanism (3) for hard or soft-shelled nuts, according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the alternate displacement means of the first blocks (1) are formed by a respective electromagnetic mechanism.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3769631A1|2021-01-27|
    US20210022383A1|2021-01-28|
    ES2803658B2|2021-09-02|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4347260A|1980-06-27|1982-08-31|Alf Hannaford & Co. Pty. Limited|Method of separating almond kernels from almonds with shells|
    ES2016175A6|1989-09-28|1990-10-16|Borrell Collado Jose|Improvements to machines for grading and splitting nuts and dry fruit|
    ES1189409U|2017-05-03|2017-08-04|CALÀ S.r.l.|Variable stroke shelling machine |
    ES1230937U|2019-03-25|2019-06-12|Jose Borrell Sa|Nut splitting and shelling machine |
    US899433A|1907-09-25|1908-09-22|Emmett M Raby|Peanut-sheller.|
    CN107822155B|2017-12-18|2020-11-10|涡阳县中农国源现代农业技术服务有限公司|Walnut is formula equipment of shelling fast in batches with extended functionality|
    法律状态:
    2021-01-28| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2803658 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20210128 |
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201930680A|ES2803658B2|2019-07-22|2019-07-22|Splitter-dehuller mechanism for hard or soft-shelled nuts|ES201930680A| ES2803658B2|2019-07-22|2019-07-22|Splitter-dehuller mechanism for hard or soft-shelled nuts|
    US16/932,223| US20210022383A1|2019-07-22|2020-07-17|Cracking-Shelling Mechanism For Nuts With A Hard Or Soft Shell|
    EP20020332.1A| EP3769631A1|2019-07-22|2020-07-20|Cracking-shelling mechanism for nuts with a hard or soft shell|
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